Dab solver - Solway Junction Railway

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{{Solway Junction Railway}}
The Solway Junction Railway ran between the [[Caledonian Railway]] near [[Kirtlebridge]] and the  station of the [[Maryport and Carlisle Railway]]. The [[Act of Parliament]] was granted on 30 June 1864^ref and the line was opened in 1869. It involved a {{convert|1|mi|8|chain|km}} iron [[girder]] [[viaduct]] between [[Bowness-on-Solway]] and [[Annan, Dumfries and Galloway|]] across the [[Solway Firth]] in Scotland. It was built to carry [[iron ore]] from West [[Cumberland]] to Scotland, without having to pass through [[Carlisle, Cumbria|]].

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{{Solway Junction Railway}}
The '''Solway Junction Railway''' ran between the [[Caledonian Railway]] near [[Kirtlebridge]] and the <<link:0>> station of the [[Maryport and Carlisle Railway]]. The [[Act of Parliament]] was granted on 30 June 1864<ref>Edgar and Sinton, page 12</ref> and the line was opened in 1869. It involved a {{convert|1|mi|8|chain|km}} iron [[girder]] [[viaduct]] between [[Bowness-on-Solway]] and [[Annan, Dumfries and Galloway|Annan]] across the [[Solway Firth]] in Scotland. It was built to carry [[iron ore]] from West [[Cumberland]] to Scotland, without having to pass through [[Carlisle, Cumbria|Carlisle]].

==History==
The viaduct was designed by Sir [[James Brunlees]], took 3½ years to build and cost about £100,000. It had 193 spans with 2,892 tons of [[cast iron]] for the piles and 1,807 tons of [[wrought iron]]. It was first used by freight traffic on 13 September 1869, and opened to passengers on 8 August 1870. In 1875 and 1881 the viaduct was damaged by ice, and by altering sediment-carrying currents it caused nearby [[Port Carlisle]] to [[sediment|silt]] up and lose trade. In turn this resulted in the abandonment of the [[Port Carlisle railway station|Port Carlisle]] to Carlisle railway.

The first chairman of the company was [[Alexander Brogden]].<ref>Edgar and Sinton, page 9 is a photograph of an invitation to the cutting of the first sod on 28 March 1865, in which the chairman's name is given as "Alex. Brogden".</ref>
Alexander Brogden was effectively head of [[John Brogden and Sons]], who had already successfully promoted and completed the [[Ulverston and Lancaster Railway]], also with James Brunlees as engineer.

This railway was absorbed by the [[Caledonian Railway]] in 1896.

By 1910 there were only three return crossings per day and a 20 mph speed limit was in force. In 1914 the railway was restricted to carrying [[freight]] only. On 1 September 1921 the viaduct was closed entirely. Coal imports from overseas had reduced the demand for the route. After it closed, the viaduct had a guard's hut and gates installed to prevent its use on Sundays by pedestrians crossing from Scotland into England, where the [[Alcohol licensing laws of the United Kingdom|alcohol licensing laws]] were less strict.<ref>Stansfield (1998), page 4</ref>

In 1934-35 it was demolished. The section of line between Annan and Kirtlebridge remained in use until 1931. The remains of the viaduct can still be seen.

==The route==

The line ran from Kirtlebridge on the [[Caledonian Railway Main Line]], to Annan (where a new station, [[Annan Shawhill railway station|Annan Shawhill]], was built), and a connection with the [[Glasgow, Dumfries and Carlisle Railway]] was made. After crossing the Solway, it passed through Bowness-on-Solway and Whitrigg, before connecting with the [[Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway]] and finally to the [[Maryport and Carlisle Railway]] near Brayton.

==Connections to other lines==

* [[Caledonian Railway Main Line#Carstairs to Carlisle|Caledonian Railway Main Line]] at [[Kirtlebridge railway station|Kirtlebridge]]
* [[Glasgow, Dumfries and Carlisle Railway]] at {{Stnlnk|Annan}}
* [[Carlisle and Silloth Bay Railway and Dock Company]] at {{Stnlnk|Abbeyholme}}
* [[Maryport and Carlisle Railway]] at {{Stnlnk|Brayton}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
* Aston, G.J. and Barrie, D.S. (1932) "[http://www.ukrailarchive.org/lancs/rm1932-70-026.PDF The Solway Junction Railway]", ''Railway Magazine'', '''70''' (415), p.&nbsp;26&ndash;34
* {{Awdry-RailCo}}  
* {{Edgar-Sinton}}
* {{Jowett-Atlas}}
* {{Stansfield-Galloway}}
* Suggitt, Gordon (2008) ''Lost Railways of Cumbria'', pp 107-112, ISBN 978-1-84674-107-4.

==External links==
* [http://www.cumbria-railways.co.uk/solway_junction_railway.html Solway Junction Railway - Cumbria Railways]
* [http://www.cumbria-railways.co.uk/solway_viaduct.html Solway Junction Railway - Solway Viaduct]
* {{cite web | url = http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/hstchg/railway4.htm | title = The Solway Junction Railway | accessdate = 2008-09-01}}
* {{cite web | url = http://www.railscot.co.uk/Solway_Junction_Railway/frame.htm | title = RAILSCOT on Solway Junction Railway }}

[[Category:Caledonian Railway]]
[[Category:Pre-grouping British railway companies]]
[[Category:Closed railway lines in Scotland]]
[[Category:Early Scottish railway companies]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1869]]
[[Category:LMS constituents]]

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Dab solver - Solway Junction Railway

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