Dab solver - North Bihar

Most tools require the use of JavaScript. If you are using Firefox with the NoScript addon, please mark toolserver.org as trusted. See the Help page for details.

Feedback / Report a bug

0 points on this page / 19,509 points earned collectively this month / Disambiguate pages on your watchlist

| blank4_info_sec1 = Maithili
| blank5_name_sec1 = Official Language
| blank5_info_sec1 = Hindi
| website = {{URL|www.northbihar.in}}
}}
North Bihar ([[Hindi]]: उत्तर बिहार,  उतरबारी बिहार/ উতরবারী বিহার) is a term used for the region of [[Bihar]], lying on north of [[Ganga river]] and east of [[Gandak river]].^ref 

Generally speaking, it includes:
*[[Tirhut division]]
*[[Darbhanga division]]
*[[Kosi division]]
*[[Purnia division]]
*[[Khagaria district]] and [[Begusarai district]] of [[Munger division]]
*[[Naugachia|Naugachia police district]] of [[Bhagalpur district]] of [[Bhagalpur division]]

Floods in North Bihar has been its biggest problem. The region has 8 active river system. One or more of them bring flood every year. The region is counted among most poor (economically) regions of India. Unemployment, Illiteracy, migration and related issues have been the grief of North Bihar.

 

The recent unbalanced development of Bihar (with South Bihar developing many times faster than North Bihar) has added to its grief.

Single scrollbar

{{Infobox settlement
| name = North Bihar
| native_name = उतरबारी बिहार উতরবারী বিহার
| image_skyline = North Bihar.gif
| latd = 26.07
| latm =
| lats =
| latNS = N
| longd = 85.45
| longm =
| longs =
| longEW = E
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = About 21
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 127+2
| blank3_name_sec1 = Districts
| blank3_info_sec1 = 18+1
| blank4_name_sec1 = Native Language
| blank4_info_sec1 = Maithili
| blank5_name_sec1 = Official Language
| blank5_info_sec1 = Hindi
| website = {{URL|www.northbihar.in}}
}}
'''North Bihar''' ([[Hindi]]: उत्तर बिहार, <<link:0>> उतरबारी बिहार/ উতরবারী বিহার) is a term used for the region of [[Bihar]], lying on north of [[Ganga river]] and east of [[Gandak river]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Bihar|first=North|title=About North Bihar|url=http://www.northbihar.in/p/about-north-bihar.html|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>

Generally speaking, it includes:
*[[Tirhut division]]
*[[Darbhanga division]]
*[[Kosi division]]
*[[Purnia division]]
*[[Khagaria district]] and [[Begusarai district]] of [[Munger division]]
*[[Naugachia|Naugachia police district]] of [[Bhagalpur district]] of [[Bhagalpur division]]

Floods in North Bihar has been its biggest problem. The region has 8 active river system. One or more of them bring flood every year. The region is counted among most poor (economically) regions of India. Unemployment, Illiteracy, migration and related issues have been the grief of North Bihar.

The recent unbalanced development of Bihar (with South Bihar developing many times faster than North Bihar) has added to its grief.

==Towns and Cities==
#[[Naugachia]] is a sub division in [[Bhagalpur district]]. It is famous for Banana farming; and known as Kelanchal of Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bhagalpur City|title=Naugachia|url=http://bhagalpurcity.com/nabard/banana_farming_tissue_plant.html|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Purnia]] is the headquarter of [[Purnia division]] and [[Purnia district]].
#[[Katihar]] is the headquarter of [[Katihar district]]. Katihar is known for Jute production.<ref>{{cite web|last=TOI|title=Katihar Jute|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/katihar-jute-mill/speednewsbytopic/keyid-565829.cms|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Kishanganj]] is the headquarter of [[Kishanganj district]]. It is the easternmost district of Bihar. A part of this district of known as chicken neck region of India.<ref>{{cite web|last=STel|title=About Kishanganj|url=https://www.komparify.com/regions/bihar-jharkhand/carriers/stel?cityid=562&cityname=kishanganj|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Araria]] is the headquarter of [[Araria district]]. [[NH 57]] connect Araria to other parts of the state.
#[[Madhepura]] is the headquarter of [[Madhepura district]]. This district was curved out from [[Saharsa district]]. This is a flood-prone district of [[Kosi division|Kosi region]].
#[[Supaul]] is the headquarter of [[Supaul district]]. A bridge on [[Kosi division|kosi region]] was built in 2012 near [[Nirmali]] in Supaul, which linked the two parts of [[Mithila (India)|Mithila region]].<ref>{{cite news|last=The Hindu|title=Mithila gets back its lifeline|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/article2872645.ece|accessdate=10 October 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=Feb-09, 2012}}</ref>
#[[Saharsa]] is the headquarter of [[Saharsa district]] and [[Kosi division]].
#[[Khagaria]] is the headquarter of [[Khagaria district]]. Two major rivers of North Bihar [[Ganga river]] and the [[Kosi river]] flows through the district.<ref>{{cite web|last=Tourist Link|title=Rivers near Khagaria|url=http://www.touristlink.com/india/khagaria/cat/rivers.html|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Begusarai]] is the headquarter of [[Begusarai district]]. [[Barauni]] and [[Begusarai]] are the main industrial hub of North Bihar. [[Barauni]] is one of the important railway junctions of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Wikimapia|title=Khagaria|url=http://wikimapia.org/5529581/Begusarai|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Samastipur]] is the headquarter of [[Samastipur district]].
#[[Darbhanga]] is the headquarter of [[Darbhanga district]] and [[Darbhanga division]]. It has historical importance.
#[[Madhubani, India|Madhubani]] is the headquarter of [[Madhubani district]]. [[Jainagar]] in [[Madhubani district]] connects North Bihar to [[Janakpurdham]] in [[Mithila (Nepal)|Mithila region of Nepal]].
#[[Hajipur]] is the headquarter of [[Vaishali district]], located on northern bank of [[Ganga river]], opposite to [[Patna]] on southern bank.
#[[Muzaffarpur]] (a.k.a. Capital of North Bihar)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101024/jsp/bihar/story_13093835.jsp|accessdate=21 September 2012|newspaper=The telegraph|date=24 october 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=East Central Railway|publisher=Indian Railway|pages=2|url=http://www.ecr.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1327063979253-For%20website%20information%20of%20SEE%20Div..pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-29/patna/30454254_1_bjp-mp-assembly-seats-nitish-kumar|accessdate=21 September 2012|newspaper=Times of India|date=29 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=AAHSKK: ALPSANKHYAK AVAM HARIJAN SAMAJ KALYAN KENDRA|title=An AGO in Muzaffarpur|url=http://www.alpsankhyak.org/otherpage.php?page_code_no=3|accessdate=21 September 2012}}</ref> is largest city of North Bihar. It the headquarter of [[Muzaffarpur district]] and [[Tirhut division]]. All the important roadways (like NH 27, NH 28, NH 57, NH 77, NH 102) and railways (like Muzaffarpur-Hajipur, Muzaffarpur-Motihari, Muzaffarpur-Sitamarhi, Muzaffarpur-Samastipur) have their junction in the city. This makes [[Muzaffarpur]]-the city with best connectivity in North Bihar.<ref>{{cite book|last=Road Division Map|title=District - Muzaffarpur|publisher=Road constructor Department, Government of Bihar|location=Patna, India|pages=1|url=http://rcd.bih.nic.in/Maps/Muzaffarpur.pdf}}</ref>
#[[Sitamarhi]] is the headquarter of [[Sitamarhi district]]. It has vedic importance as [[Sita|Goddess Sita]] is believed to be unearthed here.<ref>{{cite web|last=Sitamarhi Temple|title=District Sitamarhi|url=http://sitasamahittemple.in/|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Sheohar]] is the headquarter of [[Sheohar district]], the smallest district of North Bihar. It was curved out from [[Sitamarhi District]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Bihar News Information Portal|title=Sheohar|url=http://www.bihar.com/dist_sheohar.aspx|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>
#[[Motihari]] is the headquarter of [[East Champaran]] district. [[Mahatma Gandhi]] had launched non-cooperation movement here. It has been announced to establish a Central University in Motihari. This would be the first nationalized University in North Bihar.<ref>{{cite news|last=TOI|title=Central University at Motihari in Bihar, says govt|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-08-18/news/33261176_1_motihari-central-university-bihar-government|accessdate=10 October 2012|newspaper=The times of India|date=18-Aug-2012}}</ref>
#[[Bettiah]] is the headquarter of [[West Champaran]] district. It is the westernmost district of North Bihar and Northernmost district of Bihar state as whole.<ref>{{cite web|last=Brand Bihar|title=West Champaran|url=http://www.brandbihar.com/english/districts/west_champaran/west_champaran.html|accessdate=10 October 2012}}</ref>

==Languages==
Maithili is the mother tongue of most of the people from North Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|last=You Bihar|title=Bihari Languages|url=http://www.youbihar.com/page/bihari-languages|accessdate=11 October 2012}}</ref> Different variances of Maithili is spoken in the region.<ref>{{cite web|last=Tour Travel World|title=Languages of Bihar|url=http://www.tourtravelworld.com/india/bihar_languages.html|accessdate=11 October 2012}}</ref> 
*[[Bajjika|Bajjika variance of Maithili]] or the Western Maithili is spoken in [[East Champaran]], [[West Champaran]], [[Muzaffarpur district]], [[Vaishali district]], [[Sitamarhi district]], [[Sheohar district]].<ref>{{cite web|last=LL MAP|title=Western Maithili|url=http://www.llmap.org/languages/mai-wes.html|accessdate=11 October 2012}}</ref>
*Central dialect or the Standard dialect of Maithili is spoken in wider region including [[Darbhanga division]], [[Kosi division]] and [[Purnia division]]. However, some linguists classify the [[Maithili language|Maithili]] spoken in [[Purnia division]] as Eastern dialect of Maithili.<ref>{{cite web|last=LL MAP|title=Eastern Maithili|url=http://www.llmap.org/languages/mai-eas.html|accessdate=11 October 2012}}</ref>
*Jolaha Dialect of Maithili is spoken by Muslims of North Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|last=LL MAP|title=Jolaha Maithili|url=http://www.llmap.org/languages/mai-jol.html|accessdate=11 October 2012}}</ref>

==Economy==
In North Bihar, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery are the main economy. Beside these, a few agro-based industries like Jute mill, sugar mill etc. also add to the economy of the region.

=== Agricultural economy ===
Agriculture is the main economic activity of the region. The main crops are [[rice|paddy]], [[wheat]], [[pulses]], [[moong]], [[urad (bean)|urad]], [[arhar]], [[jute]], [[maize]]. The highly demanded and costly agro-products like Chili, coriander, Haldi, ginger, banana, tobacco etc. are also grown in the region. Makhan (water chestnut) Euryle  ferox and Litchi are almost unique to North Bihar. Many medicinal and flowering plants grow in North Bihar which could have an international market.
Because of improper planning and unwillingness of Bihar govt to develop this region, North Bihar is today counted among the most backward regions of India. Moreover, the government sponsored flood destroys crops under unrecorded  acres of land.

=== Industrial economy ===
Barauni- Begusarai is most important industrial centre due to petochemical complex and fertilizer factory as well as big Garhara railway yard.
[[Muzaffarpur]] is the great Industrial hub of North Bihar. It has many industries ranging from small to big. Prabhat Zarda Factory, Bharat Wagon and Engineering Ltd., [[NTPC Limited|N.T.P.C.]], Bihar Drugs & Organic Chemicals Ltd., Muzaffarpur – a unit of IDPL, units of Leather Development Corporation, Muzaffarpur Dairy, a unit of the Bihar State Dairy Corporation unit Bihar State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation Ltd, Muzaffarpur producing Sudha brand packaged milk are the major industries located in Muzaffarpur city and its periphery.Sutapatti Bazar in Muzaffarpur city is an important centre for the wholesale cloth trade . Agro-based Industries likes Sugar mills, Britannia Biscuits have newly been established in City.<ref>[http://www.mymuzaffarpur.com/about_muzaffarpur.html ]{{dead link|date=May 2012}}</ref> 
[[Katihar]] has jute industry and spread all ovewr all  sugar factories.

The above industries have generated considerable employment and have also been helpful in establishing a number of small industries including a few cottage industries. The most important item that is manufactured in Muzaffarpur city is railway wagon.

== Rivers and floods ==
There are several rivers flowing through this region from north to south and merge in the [[Ganges]] river. These rivers along with floods bring every year fertile soil to the region. However, sometimes government sponsored floods causes loss of thousands of lives. Major rivers of North Bihar are Mahananda, [[Gandaki River|Gandak]], [[Koshi River|Kosi]], [[Bagmati River|Bagmati]], [[Kamala River|Kamala]], [[Balan River|Balan]], [[Burhi Gandak River|Budhi Gandak]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bihar.ws/info/Geography-of-Bihar/Rivers-of-Bihar.html |title=Rivers of Bihar &#124; Bihar Articles |publisher=Bihar.ws |date= |accessdate=2012-05-04}}</ref>

===Natural floods===
Since beginning of human civilization, rivers have been an important part of humam life. North Bihar has 7 major rivers and several tributaries to them. All these rivers receive water from the [[Himalaya]]. This is the reason, these rivers never have shortage of water. Every year, any of these rivers had been bringing valuable floods for the people of North Bihar. Flood waters used to enter the agriculture land, leave their silt, which are quite fertile, and recede to the river. This pattern of humane flood was boon for North Bihar. This made her land extremely fertile. But, natural floods are no more in North Bihar.

===Man-made floods===
Soon after independence, the Government of Bihar made several attempts to domesticate these rivers. High barriers or Bandhs were made on their both banks. This resulted in inhumane and destructive floods. Bandhs caused deposition of silts in the bottom of rivers, because of which, depth of revers decreased; and so their water holding capacity also decreased. This is the reason these rivers bring more frequent floods now. With flood water, sand comes in force and gets deposited on the land. This way the land of the region in turning barrel. Floods, which was once boon for North Bihar, has now turned to be curse for it.

===Kosi Flood 2008===
{{Infobox flood
|image location = Flooded Bihar.JPG
|image name = Flooded North Bihar
|name = 2008 Kosi flood
|duration = 18 August 2008
|total damages =
|total fatalities = 434<ref>A report by the Department of disaster management, Government of Bihar</ref> (Dead bodies were found until 27 November 2008)
|areas affected = North Bihar
}}

The '''2008 Kosi flood''' was one of the most disastrous floods in the history of North Bihar, an impoverished and densely populated region in [[India]]. A breach in the [[Kosi embankment]] near the Indo-Nepal border (at [[Kusha (Buddhism)|Kusha]] in [[Nepal]]) occurred on 18 August  2008.  The river changed course and inundated areas which hadn't experienced floods in many decades.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiawaterportal.org/bihar/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/dalit_watch_report_on_flood_relief_camps_in_bihar.pdf |title=A Dalit watch report on the flood camps in Bihar |publisher=Indiawaterportal.org |date=2011-06-22 |accessdate=2012-05-04}}</ref>  The flood affected over 2.3 million people in North Bihar.<ref name="ibnlive.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/half-of-bihar-under-water-30-lakh-suffer/72587-3.html|title=Half of Bihar under water, 30 lakh suffer;|date=09/01/2008|publisher=CNN IBN|accessdate=2008-09-01| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20080903134616/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/half-of-bihar-under-water-30-lakh-suffer/72587-3.html| archivedate= 3 September 2008 | deadurl= no}}</ref>

The flood killed 250 people and forced nearly 3 million people from their homes in North Bihar.<ref>{{cite web|author=Michael Coggan in New Delhi |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/08/29/2350609.htm?section=justin |title=Death toll rises from Indian floods - Just In (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=2008-08-29 |accessdate=2012-05-04}}</ref> More than 300,000 houses were destroyed and at least 340,000 hectares (840,000 acres) of crops were damaged.<ref>{{cite web|author=Michael Coggan in New Delhi |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2008/08/29/2350609.htm?section=justin |title=abc.net.au, Death toll rises from Indian floods |publisher=Abc.net.au |date=2008-08-29 |accessdate=2012-05-04}}</ref> Villagers in North Bihar ate raw rice and flour mixed with polluted water. Hunger and disease were widespread. The [[Supaul district]] was the worst-hit; surging waters swamped 1,000 square kilometres (247,000 acres) of farmlands, destroying crops.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kataria |first=Sunil |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/topNews/idINIndia-35231420080829?sp=true |title=reuters.com, Bihar villagers desperate as floods spread |publisher=In.reuters.com |date=2008-08-30 |accessdate=2012-05-04}}</ref>
<gallery>
Image:The Kosi, August 8, 2008.jpg|The Kosi before it flooded in August 2008
Image:The Kosi, August 24, 2008.jpg|The Kosi during the August 2008 flood
Image:Bihar Floods.jpg|Satellite image of flood waters in Bihar as of 31 August 2008; Image:UNOSAT
</gallery>

==Demand for statehood==
On Nov 28, 2011 BJP Lok Sabha MP from Muzaffarpur Captain Jai Narayan Nishad requested the chief minister of Bihar, [[Nitish Kumar]] to get a resolution passed by the legislative assembly seeking bifurcation of the state into north and south Bihar. According to the proposed resolution, North Bihar would have 127 assembly seats, the capital of which would be Muzaffarpur,<ref>{{cite news|last=TOI|title=BJP MP poser to Nitish|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-29/patna/30454254_1_bjp-mp-assembly-seats-nitish-kumar|accessdate=11 October 2012|newspaper=The Times of India|date=Nov 29, 2011}}</ref> and districts would be:
#W.Champaran
#E.Champaran
#Muzaffarpur
#Vaishali
#Sitamarhi
#Seohar
#Darbhanga
#Samastipur
#Madhubani
#Begusarai
#Khagaria
#Saharsa
#Supaul
#Madhepura
#Araria
#Kishanganj
#Purnia
#Katihar
#Naugachia Police district (Bhagalpur)

==See also==
*[[Bihar]]
*[[North Bengal]]
*[[North Karnataka]]
*[[North India]]

==External links==
*[http://www.Tirhutlive.blogspot.com  Tirhut]
*[http://www.NorthBihar.in  North Bihar]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Mithila]]
[[Category:Geography of India]]
[[Category:Geography of Mithila]]
[[Category:Bihar]]
[[Category:Geography of Bihar]]

Edit summary:
This is a minor edit Watch this page

Cancel

Dab solver - North Bihar

Tools

Interaction