Webreflinks - Hasselt

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t	70	In 2013, the subsidies were reduced, resulting in a 60 eurocents fare per ride.<ref name = "Eltis"> [http://www.eltis.org/index.php?ID1=5&id=60&news_id=4183 'The Town Council has therefore decided that the subsidies for bus transport is to be sharply reduced. Anyone who is over 19 years of age, will have to pay 60 eurocents per ride for a ticket'] </ref>	t	70	In 2013, the subsidies were reduced, resulting in a 60 eurocents fare per ride.<ref name = "Eltis">{{cite web\|url=http://www.eltis.org/index.php?ID1=5&id=60&news_id=4183 \|title='The Town Council has therefore decided that the subsidies for bus transport is to be sharply reduced. Anyone who is over 19 years of age, will have to pay 60 eurocents per ride for a ticket' \|publisher=Eltis.org \|date=2013-04-17 \|accessdate=2013-06-20}}</ref>
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{{other uses}}
{{Infobox Belgium Municipality
|name=Hasselt
|picture=
|picture-width=250px
|picture-legend=
|map=Hasselt Limburg Belgium Map.png
|map-legend=Location of Hasselt in [[Limburg (Belgium)|Limburg]]
|arms=Wapenschild_Hasselt.gif
|flag=Hasseltvlag.svg
|region={{BE-REG-FLE}}
|community={{BE-NL}}
|province={{BE-PROV-LI}}
|arrondissement=Hasselt
|nis=71022
|pyramid-date=01/01/2006
|0-19=19.16
|20-64=62.45
|65=18.39
|foreigners=4.02
|foreigners-date=01/07/2005
|mayor=Hilde Claes ([[SP.A]])
|majority=Pro Hasselt ([[SP.A]], [[Groen!]]),<br> [[CD&V]]/[[N-VA]], [[VLD]]
|postal-codes=3500, 3501, 3510, 3511, 3512
|telephone-area=011
|web=[http://www.hasselt.be/ www.hasselt.be]
|lat_deg=50
|lat_min=55
|lat_sec=48
|lon_deg=05
|lon_min=20
|lon_sec=15
}}
'''Hasselt''' ({{IPA-nl|ˈɦɑ.səɫt}}) is a [[Belgium|Belgian]] [[city]] and [[Municipalities in Belgium|municipality]], and capital of the [[Flemish Region|Flemish]] [[Provinces of Belgium|province]] of [[Limburg (Belgium)|Limburg]] (equivalent to the medieval [[County of Loon]] or Looz). The Hasselt [[municipality]] includes the original city of Hasselt, plus the old communes of [[Sint-Lambrechts-Herk]], [[Wimmertingen]], Kermt, Spalbeek, [[Kuringen]], Stokrooie, [[Stevoort]] and Runkst, as well as the hamlets and parishes of [[Kiewit]], [[Godsheide]] and Rapertingen.

On 31 December 2007 Hasselt had a total population of 71 520 (34 951 men and 36 569 women). Both the [[Demer]] river and the [[Albert Canal]] run through the municipality. Hasselt is located in between the [[Campine]] region, north of the Demer, and the [[Hesbaye]] region, south of it (Dutch ''Kempen'' and ''Haspengouw''). It is also in the [[Meuse-Rhine Euroregion]].

==History==
{{See also|History of Belgian Limburg}}
[[File:Hasselt, Belgium ; Ferraris Map.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Hasselt on the [[Ferraris map]] (around 1775)]]
[[Image:Hasselt 1813.jpg|thumb|left|180px|Map of the town in 1813.]]
[[File:GrotemarktHasselt.jpg|thumb|right|Hasselt Market place|220px]]
[[Image:Hasselt-Rathaus-20060906.jpg|thumb|right|Hasselt City Hall|220px]]
[[Image:Albertkanaal.jpg|thumb|right|[[Albert Canal]] near Hasselt|220px]]
[[Image:Hasselt - Station Hasselt.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Hasselt railway station. All the city's local [[zero-fare]] buses, as well as regional buses and trains depart from here.]]

Hasselt was founded in approximately the 7th century on the Helbeek, a small tributary of the [[Demer]] river. The name Hasselt came from ''Hasaluth'', which means hazel wood. During the Middle Ages, it became one of the bigger towns of the [[county of Loon]], which had borders approximately the same as the current province of Limburg. Hasselt was first named in a document in 1165 and shortly thereafter received the much sought-after city charter. In 1232 this status was officially confirmed by [[Arnold IV, Count of Loon]].  Even though the city of [[Borgloon]] was the original official capital of Loon, Hasselt was to become the biggest city thanks to its favourable setting and to the proximity of the count’s castle and the [[Herkenrode Abbey]] in [[Kuringen]]. In 1366 the county of Loon became part of the [[Bishopric of Liège]] and remained so until the annexation by [[France]] in 1794.

During the [[First French Empire]], after the [[French revolution]], [[Maastricht]] became the capital of the area that was then called the [[French Department]] of the [[Lower Meuse]]. This included both modern Belgian Limburg, and also neighbouring [[Duchy of Limburg|Dutch Limburg]]. After the defeat of [[Napoleon]], in 1815, this whole area became part of a new [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands]], and it was at this time that the name Limburg was adopted. [[William I of the Netherlands|King William]] wanted to keep the name of the old [[Duchy of Limburg]] alive although it had been centred in [[Limbourg]] on the [[Vesdre]], and had never encompassed Hasselt. Even when Belgium gained its independence from the Netherlands in 1830, and the province of Limburg was definitively split between the Netherlands and Belgium in 1839, this name was retained and the name ''Loon'' disappeared. After the split, Hasselt became the provisional capital of the Belgian province of Limburg. When Maastricht stayed Dutch in 1839, it became the permanent seat of its provincial government within the [[Netherlands]], also called Limburg. In 1967, Belgian Limburg was detached from the [[Diocese of Liège]] and Hasselt became the seat of the [[Diocese of Hasselt]].

==Transport==
Hasselt is at the junction of important traffic arteries from several directions. The most important motorways are the [[European route E313]] ([[Antwerp]]-[[Liège]]) and the [[European route E314]] ([[Brussels]]-[[Aachen]]). Hasselt itself is enclosed by 2 [[ring road]]s. The outer ring road serves to keep traffic out of the city centre and main residential areas. The inner ring road, the so-called "Green Boulevard", serves to keep traffic out of the commercial centre, which is almost entirely a pedestrian area. There are also important traffic arteries to [[Tongeren]], [[Sint-Truiden]], [[Maastricht]], [[Genk]], [[Diest]] and [[Eindhoven]].

The city lies within approximately an hour's drive from the airports of [[Brussels airport|Brussels]], [[Liège airport|Liège]], [[Maastricht-Aachen Airport|Maastricht-Aachen]], [[Antwerp airport|Antwerp]], [[Cologne-Bonn airport|Cologne-Bonn]], [[Düsseldorf airport|Düsseldorf]] and [[Charleroi airport|Charleroi]]. Within a three hour radius, the major hubs of [[Schipol airport|Amsterdam]], [[Frankfurt airport|Frankfurt]], and [[Roissy airport|Paris]] can be reached. Private aircraft can land in Hasselt itself, on the airfield of [[Kiewit]].

The town has a major train station, but train links are currently neither high speed, nor covering all directions. High speed train stations are closest in [[Liège]] and [[Leuven]]. Most critically, since the [[second world war]], Hasselt lacks any direct train route linking it to the [[Ruhr valley]] area of [[Germany]], nor [[Maastricht]].

===Bus===
Hasselt made [[Public transport]] by bus [[zero-fare]] from 1 July 1997 and bus use was said to be as much as "13 times higher" by 2006.<ref name="stad">[http://www.hasselt.be/content/content/record.php?ID=4418 '10 jaar gratis openbaar vervoer'] (in [[Dutch (language)|Dutch)]] on the city's official website</ref> 
The transport network here is  mainly by [[bus]].

All buses leave from the station. The town lines (called ''H-lijn'') have been free for everyone including tourists since Tuesday 1 July 1997. Other bus lines are free for the inhabitants of Hasselt while travelling in the territory of Hasselt.

The local ''H-lijn'' buses on the town lines carry an ''H'' on their number on the electronic destination sign above the windshield.

The regional  transport services, or so-called Red lines, are free for residents of Hasselt, who can travel without fare as long as they show their [[identity card]] to the driver of the bus. Red regional route [[bus stop]]s are marked with signs indicating the beginning or end of the Hasselt bus network.

Non-residents of Hasselt pay the usual area tariff, except for children under 12 who have zero-fare travel. "Blue" regional lines incur a [[fare]] in the normal way.

In 2013, the subsidies were reduced, resulting in a 60 eurocents fare per ride.<ref name = "Eltis">{{cite web|url=http://www.eltis.org/index.php?ID1=5&id=60&news_id=4183 |title='The Town Council has therefore decided that the subsidies for bus transport is to be sharply reduced. Anyone who is over 19 years of age, will have to pay 60 eurocents per ride for a ticket' |publisher=Eltis.org |date=2013-04-17 |accessdate=2013-06-20}}</ref>

===History of zero-fare transport===
The plan for a new, attractive bus network in Hasselt was influenced by [[Flanders|Flemish]] transport minister [[Eddy Baldewijns]], who created an [[integrated transport policy]] framework in the middle of 1996 in which public transport was allocated a primary role. {{citation needed|date=October 2011}} The city of Hasselt was one of the first cities to subscribe to the plan. Mayor [[Steve Stevaert]] proposed to give absolute primacy on the city's Green Boulevard to public transport. The mobility policy in Hasselt developed into an example of cooperation between the bus line, the Flemish government and the city of Hasselt, under the motto "the city guarantees the right of mobility for everyone". {{citation needed|date=October 2011}}

Following the introduction of the new [[zero-fare]] policy, the usage of public transport immediately increased by 800-900% and has remained high, being currently ''more than 10-fold'' compared to the time of the old policy
.<ref>C. van Goeverden, P. Rietveld, J. Koelemeijer, P. Peeters: [http://www.istiee.org/te/papers/N32/02%20van%20goeverden%20_5-25_.pdf 'Subsidies in public transport'] ''European Transport'' 32 (2006): 5-25</ref><ref>
{{Citation
  | last = PR Newswire
  | first = 
  | author-link = 
  | last2 = 
  | first2 = 
  | author2-link = 
  | title = Hasselt Celebrates 10 Years of Free Public Transport
  | date = 29 Jun 2007
  | year = 
  | url = http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=201965
  | accessdate = 2002-02-21}}
</ref> The city's official website records<ref name="stad">[http://www.hasselt.be/content/content/record.php?ID=4418 '10 jaar gratis openbaar vervoer'] (in [[Dutch (language)|Dutch]] on the city's official website</ref> passenger growth as follows:

{| border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center;"
|+Passenger growth
|- style="background:#f8f8f8;"
! Year !! Passengers !! Percentage 
|-
| 1996 || 360 000 || 100%
|-
| 1997|| 1 498 088 || 428%
|-
| 1998 || 2 837 975|| 810%
|-
| 1999 || 2 840 924 || 811%
|-
| 2000 || 3 178 548 || 908%
|-
| 2001 || 3 706 638 || 1059%
|-
| 2002 || 3 640 270 || 1040%
|-
| 2003 || 3 895 886 || 1113%
|-
| 2004 || 4 259 008 || 1217%
|-
| 2005 || 4 257 408 || 1216%
|-
| 2006 || 4 614 844 || 1319%
|}
A Belgian website describes Hasselt identity cards as becoming "like [[gold]] in value", because of free bus travel.<ref>[http://www.gva.be/dossiers/-o/opver/hasselt.asp 'Gratis openbaar vervoer'] (= 'Free public transport') (in [[Dutch (language)|Dutch]])</ref>

===Rail===

Hasselt railway station is near the city centre, outside the Binnenring. The station is an [[Inter-city rail|IC]] station, which means that there are several connections each day with important Belgian cities.

===Light rail===
In February 2007 a plan was launched for the construction of a [[light rail]] connection between Hasselt and [[Maastricht]] to open in 2012. This plan is called the ''Spartacusplan'' ([[:nl:Spartacusplan|more details available in Dutch]]).<ref>[http://www.gva.be/dossiers/-o/opver/hasselt.asp ]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref>

==The centre==
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2011}}
The centre is mostly car-free and contains a number of historical buildings. Among the oldest buildings in the town centre are the St. Quentin's Cathedral (11th to 18th centuries) and the "Herkenrode Abbey refuge house" (1542). The "Grote Markt" (large central market square) and the nearby streets are lined with pubs, restaurants and taverns.

The Demerstraat and the Koning Albertstraat are the most important shopping streets. In the Kapelstraat and the Hoogstraat are expensive shops with the most famous brands. Another major religious building, besides the cathedral, is the Virga Jesse Basilica. The churches must cede domination of the skyline of the city to the modern twin towers of the "TT-wijk", however. In 2003, the renovation of this complex, now including a shopping mall and a hotel, gave the centre a new boost. In 2004, Hasselt was the first Flemish city to receive the title "most sociable city of [[Flanders]]", and has since claimed the title of "Capital City of Taste".

==Monuments and public fields==
* The Abbey and Refugehuis of [[Herkenrode Abbey|Herkenrode]] in Kuringen
* The Airfield of Kiewit
* The Japanese garden
* The National Bank of architect [[Henri Van Dievoet]].
* The St. Quentin's Cathedral
* The Virga Jesse Basilica
* National [[jenever]] museum

==Famous inhabitants==
[[Image:Van-Veldeke-Denkmal.jpg|thumb|right|[[Hendrik van Veldeke]]|220px]]
*[[Bram Castro]], footballer (b. 1982)
*[[Willy Claes]], [[politician]] and former Secretary General of [[NATO]] (b. 1938)
*[[Adrien de Gerlache]], officer of the [[Belgian Navy]] and leader of two [[Belgian Antarctic Expedition]]s (1866–1934)
*[[Luuk Gruwez]], Flemish poet (b. 1953)
*[[Daniel Guijo-Velasco]], footballer (b. 1984)
*[[Axelle Red]], [[singer-songwriter]] (b. 1968)
*[[Francis Rombouts]], Mayor of [[New York City]] from 1679 to 1680, when it was [[New Amsterdam]] (1631–1691)
*[[Steve Stevaert]], politician (b. 1954)
*[[Hendrik van Veldeke]], first [[writer]] from the [[Low Countries]] known by name (c. 1140-c. 1190)
*[[Jean-Joseph Thonissen]], professor at law (1817-1891)
*[[Stef Driesen]], [[Antwerp]]-based artist (b. 1966, Hasselt)

==Events==
*Many events take place in the [[Ethias Arena]], the largest arena in Belgium.
*Kiewit is the location of the yearly [[Pukkelpop]] (Pimplepop) festival, one of Europe's largest alternative music festivals with over a hundred concerts, at the end of August in the suburb of [[Kiewit]].  Rimpelrock (Wrinklerock), a festival with music for an older audience, is held at the same location, one week earlier. The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2005 was held in Hasselt.
*As with most towns in Belgium and the surrounding countries, there is an annual [[Kermesse (festival)|Kermesse]], on a date associated with the local church's patron saint, in this case [[Lambert of Maastricht|Saint Lambert]], which takes place in September.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hasselt.be/nl/content/6880/b-b-kermis-b-b-in-hasselt.html |title=Hasselt Town Hall's Kermis page |publisher=Hasselt.be |date= |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>
*The Virga Jesse festival, featuring a procession of a very old wooden statue of infant Jesus with Mary, is celebrated every seven years, most recently in August 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hasselt.be/nl/content/1453/virga-jessefeesten.html |title=Hasselt Town Hall's Virga Jesse link |publisher=Hasselt.be |date= |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>
*Hasselt celebrates [[Carnival]], but at a slightly different date than most places.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hasselt.be/nl/press/2817/carnaval-2010-halfvastenweekend.html |title=Hasselt Town Hall's Carnival link |publisher=Hasselt.be |date=2010-02-15 |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>

==Twin and partner cities==
*{{GER}}: [[Detmold]]
*{{JPN}}: [[Itami, Hyogo]]
*{{NLD}}: [[Sittard]]
*{{USA}}: [[Mountain View, California]]

* Hasselt is a member city of [[Eurotowns network]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://eurotowns.org |title=Eurotowns}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2005]]
*[[Speculaas]]
*[[DV Hasselt]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*{{Official website|http://www.hasselt.be}}
<br>
{{Municipalities in Limburg}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Flanders]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Limburg (Belgium)]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 7th century]]
[[Category:Populated places in Belgium]]
[[Category:Provincial capitals of Flanders]]

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