Webreflinks - Muslim holidays

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t	14	According to Orthodox Islamic tradition, this day commemorates God saving [[Moses]] and the [[Israelites]] from Pharaoh in [[Egypt]] as they crossed the [[Red Sea]] (the [[The Exodus\|Exodus]] day). According to [[Judaism]], the Israelites left Egypt on the first day of [[Passover]], and they crossed the Red Sea seven days later on the 21st of [[Nisan]], both of which are celebrated as holidays.<ref>http://sunnah.com/urn/43570</ref> It is Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari:	t	14	According to Orthodox Islamic tradition, this day commemorates God saving [[Moses]] and the [[Israelites]] from Pharaoh in [[Egypt]] as they crossed the [[Red Sea]] (the [[The Exodus\|Exodus]] day). According to [[Judaism]], the Israelites left Egypt on the first day of [[Passover]], and they crossed the Red Sea seven days later on the 21st of [[Nisan]], both of which are celebrated as holidays.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://sunnah.com/urn/43570 \|title=Hadith - Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم) \|publisher=Sunnah.com \|date= \|accessdate=2013-05-23}}</ref> It is Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari:
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There are three main '''holidays in Islam''': [[Eid Al-Fitr]], [[Ramadan]] and [[Eid Al-Adha]]. Eid Al-Fitr is celebrated at the end of [[Ramadan]] (a month of fasting), and Muslims usually give [[zakat]] (charity) on the occasion. Eid Al-Adha is celebrated at the end of [[Hajj]] (annual pilgrimage to [[Mecca]]), which is one of the five pillars, and Muslims usually sacrifice an animal and distribute its meat among family, friends and the poor.

All Islamic holidays follow the [[lunar calendar]], and thus move each year relative to the [[solar calendar]]. The [[Islamic calendar]] has 12 months and 354 days on a regular year, and 355 days on a leap year.

== Eid holidays ==
{{main|Eid al-Fitr|Eid al-Adha}}

==Other occasions==

=== Ashura Day ===
{{main|Day of Ashura}}
Ashura is commemorated by [[Islam|Muslims]] on the ninth and tenth days of [[Muharram]] on the Islamic Calendar. Ashura is an Arabic word meaning "tenth". The [[Shia]] commemorate this day in the memory of the great sacrifice given by the grandson of Muhammad, Hussain against the Yazid. The Yazid, according to the Shia, due to his lineage was not the rightful leader of the Muslims. Hussain organized a revolt against him but was betrayed by his followers when battle started. Hussain and a large number of his family members were killed as a result. The Shia believe that this sacrifice established the beginning of true Islam.<ref>الا ترون الی الحق لا یعمل به و الی الباطل لا یتناهی عنه؟ لیرغب المومن فی لقاء ربه محقا. فانی لا اری الموت الا سعادة و الحیوة مع الظالمین الا برما Lohouf, ibn Tawoos, Tradition No.99</ref>

According to Orthodox Islamic tradition, this day commemorates God saving [[Moses]] and the [[Israelites]] from Pharaoh in [[Egypt]] as they crossed the [[Red Sea]] (the [[The Exodus|Exodus]] day). According to [[Judaism]], the Israelites left Egypt on the first day of [[Passover]], and they crossed the Red Sea seven days later on the 21st of [[Nisan]], both of which are celebrated as holidays.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnah.com/urn/43570 |title=Hadith - Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)) - Sahih al-Bukhari - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم) |publisher=Sunnah.com |date= |accessdate=2013-05-23}}</ref> It is Narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari:

{{Quote|When the Prophet (peace be upon him) arrived at Medina, the Jews were observing the fast on 'Ashura' (10th of Muharram) and they said, "This is the day when Moses became victorious over Pharaoh," On that, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said to his companions, "You (Muslims) have more right to celebrate Moses' victory than they have, so observe the fast on this day."|Sahih al-Bukhari Book 65, Hadith 4726}}

=== Laylat ul Isra and Miraj ===
{{main|Lailat al Miraj}}
Laylat ul [[Isra and Mi'raj]] is Arabic for the “Night of the Journey and Ascension”. It is on 27th of [[Rajab]]. It is the night when Muhammad was, according to Hadiths, taken to “the furthest mosque” (generally understood to be [[Jerusalem]]) on a [[Buraq]] (a beast resembling horse with wings; some people consider it a [[cherub]]) and ascended to the highest level of the heavens. It is said that he requested God to reduce the number of prayers, which started at fifty a day, but on his way down he met Moses, who asked him to ask for a reduction in the number because the requirement was difficult for Muhammad's people. Muhammad returned to God and several times asked for, and was granted a reduction of five prayers, until the number was reduced to five in total, with the blessing that if they were properly performed, the performers would be credited with fifty prayers instead of five. The event of this Night has also been described in Quran in Part 15 the beginning of Surah Isra.

=== Laylat al-Qadr ===
{{main|Laylat al-Qadr}}
Laylat al-Qadr is Arabic for “The Night of Power”. It falls on one of the last ten days of [[Ramadan (calendar month)|Ramadan]] usually on an odd numbered day. It is considered the holiest night of the year, since it is the night in which the Qur'an was first revealed. It is also considered ''better than a thousand months'' {{Quran-usc|97|1–3}}. It is said that if a person performs voluntary worship on this night, that worship is equal to a thousand months or approximately 80 years.

== Religious practice ==

=== Fasting ===
{{main|Ramadan}}
[[Ramadan (calendar month)|Ramadan]] is the month in which Muslims must fast from dawn to sunset. This is meant to feel how the poor people are without food or water. In addition, Muslims close their bodies off from earthly demands by denying themselves food and drink. This in turn allows for the nourishment of the soul. In addition, there are culture-specific beliefs regarding the watching of television, listening to music, and the perusal of any secular vice that does not in some way enhance spirituality.

=== Pilgrimage ===

==== Hajj ====
{{main|Hajj}}

==== Umrah ====
{{main|Umrah}}

== Calendar ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Festive day<ref>Dates based on the Umm al-Qura calendar of Saudi Arabia</ref>
! 1431 AH
! 1432 AH
! 1433 AH
! 1434 AH
! 1435 AH
|-
| [[Islamic New Year]]
| align=right | 18 December 2009
| align=right | 7 December 2010
| align=right | 26 November 2011
| align=right | 15 November 2012
| align=right | 4 November 2013
|-
| [[Day of Ashura|Ashura]]
| align=right | 27 December 2009
| align=right | 16 December 2010
| align=right | 5 December 2011
| align=right | 24 November 2012
| align=right | 13 November 2013
|-
| [[Mawlid an-Nabi]]
| align=right | 26 February 2010
| align=right | 15 February 2011
| align=right | 4 February 2012
| align=right | 24 January 2013
| align=right | 13 January 2014
|-
| [[Lailat al Miraj#Modern observance|Laylat al-Miraj]]
| align=right | 9 July 2010
| align=right | 29 June 2011
| align=right | 17 June 2012
| align=right | 6 June 2013
| align=right | 26 May 2014
|-
| [[Mid-Sha'ban|Laylat al-Baraat]]
| align=right | 27 July 2010
| align=right | 16 July 2011
| align=right | 5 July 2012
| align=right | 24 June 2013
| align=right | 13 June 2014
|-
| [[Ramadan]]<ref name="moon">These dates can be advanced or delayed by one day, depending on the first sighting of the lunar crescent in Saudi Arabia</ref>
| align=right | 11 August 2010
| align=right | 1 August 2011
| align=right | 20 July 2012
| align=right | 9 July 2013
| align=right | 28 June 2014
|-
| [[Laylat al-Qadr]]<ref name="moon" />
| align=right | 6 September 2010
| align=right | 27 August 2011
| align=right | 15 August 2012
| align=right | 4 August 2013
| align=right | 24 July 2014
|-
| [[Eid al-Fitr]]<ref name="moon" />
| align=right | 10 September 2010
| align=right | 30 August 2011
| align=right | 19 August 2012
| align=right | 8 August 2013
| align=right | 28 July 2014
|-
| [[Eid al-Adha]]<ref name="moon" />
| align=right | 16 November 2010
| align=right | 6 November 2011
| align=right | 26 October 2012
| align=right | 15 October 2013
| align=right | 4 October 2014
|}

==External links==
*[http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/islam/ummalqura.htm The Umm al-Qura Calendar of Saudi Arabia] (with date converter valid from 1937 to 2077)
*[http://www.makkahcalendar.org The Islamic Calendar/Hijri Calendar for Mecca]
*[http://eid-ul-adha.net/ Eid ul Adha]
*[http://www.muslimholidays.net The Muslim Holidays portal]
{{Islam topics|state=collapsed}}
{{Muslimholidays}}
{{Time in religion and mythology}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Muslim Holidays}}
[[Category:Religious holidays]]
[[Category:Islamic holy days| ]]

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