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 *[[Image:St John's Lodge, Regent's Park.jpg|thumb|alt=Symmetrical four-storey Neoclassical villa with an imposing pedimented entrance and balustrades around a valley roof surmounted by a small cupola and flanked by two-storey wings, the whole covered with stucco rendering painted pale pink. In front is a freshly mown lawn surrounded by plants and shrubs. In the foreground is a raised round stone pool with a bronze of a nude man being pulled into the water by a mermaid.|[[St. John's Lodge (London)|St. John's Lodge]]]][[St. John's Lodge (London)|St. John's Lodge]]: is the private residence of [[Prince Jefri Bolkiah]] of [[Brunei]], but part of its garden is now a public garden designed by Colvin and Moggridge Landscape Architects in 1994. This is an arrangement with the Lodge's owners who have allowed the main portion of their garden to be enjoyed by the public.
-*[[The Holme]]: once owned by Audrey Pleydell-Bouverie, the sister of the surrealist art collector [[Edward James]], and still a private residence. The garden is open several days a year via the [[National Gardens Scheme]].<ref>[http://www.ngs.org.uk/gen/gardenfinder/garden.aspx?gid=11040 NGS website]</ref>
+*[[The Holme]]: once owned by Audrey Pleydell-Bouverie, the sister of the surrealist art collector [[Edward James]], and still a private residence. The garden is open several days a year via the [[National Gardens Scheme]].<ref>[http://www.ngs.org.uk/gen/gardenfinder/garden.aspx?gid=11040 NGS website]{{dead link|date=May 2013}}</ref>
 *South Villa: site of [[George Bishop's Observatory]], closed when its owner died in 1861, with instruments and dome  moved to Meadowbank, [[Twickenham]] in 1863. [[Regent's College]] now stands on the site, one of the two largest groups of buildings in the park alongside [[London Zoo]].
-*Between 1988 and 2004 six new villas were built by the [[Crown Estate]] at the north western edge of the park, between the Outer Circle and the Regent's Canal. They were designed by [[Quinlan Terry]] in a variety of traditional styles and named accordingly: the Corinthian, Gothick<ref name=qtf_gothick>{{cite web|url=http://www.qftarchitects.com/projects/pages/londonhouses/gothickvilla.php|title=Gothick Villa, Regents Park by Quinlan & Francis Terry LLP}}</ref>, <!--complete with 18th century "k"-->Ionic, Regency, Tuscan and Veneto villas.<ref>[http://www.qftarchitects.com/1024index.html Quinlan Terry website]</ref>
+*Between 1988 and 2004 six new villas were built by the [[Crown Estate]] at the north western edge of the park, between the Outer Circle and the Regent's Canal. They were designed by [[Quinlan Terry]] in a variety of traditional styles and named accordingly: the Corinthian, Gothick,<ref name=qtf_gothick>{{cite web|url=http://www.qftarchitects.com/projects/pages/londonhouses/gothickvilla.php|title=Gothick Villa, Regents Park by Quinlan & Francis Terry LLP}}</ref> <!--complete with 18th century "k"-->Ionic, Regency, Tuscan and Veneto villas.<ref>[http://www.qftarchitects.com/1024index.html Quinlan Terry website]{{dead link|date=May 2013}}</ref>

{{Infobox park
| name = Regent's Park
| alt_name =
| photo = Regent's Park bandstand.jpg
| photo_width = 300
| photo_alt =
| photo_caption = Regent's Park bandstand and lake
| type = Public park
| location = [[London]], [[England]]
| map = United Kingdom Central London
| map_width = 300
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location within central London
| lat_d = 51.532222
| long_d = -0.156667
| region = GB
| area = {{convert|395|acre|ha}} (1.6 km²)
| created = 
| operator =
| visitation_num =
| status = Open year round
| open =
| website = {{URL|royalparks.gov.uk/the-regents-park}}
}}
:''For other meanings, see [[Regent's Park (disambiguation)]]''
'''Regent's Park''' (officially '''The Regent's Park''') is one of the [[Royal Parks of London|Royal Parks]] of [[London]]. It lies within northern [[central London]], partly in the [[City of Westminster]] and partly in the [[London Borough of Camden]].<ref>{{cite map |url=http://www.westminster.gov.uk/fmn/index3.cfm?LayerID=215&&&&layersOn=Westminster%20Boundary&theScale=20000&panzoom=panwest&minx=527446&miny=181571&maxx=530068&maxy=183954#Map_Section |publisher = [[City of Westminster]] |title = Westminster Boundary |year = 2008 |accessdate = 2009-04-14 |id = LA 100019597 2008}}</ref> It contains [[Regent's College]] and the [[London Zoo]].

==Description==
The park has an outer ring road called the Outer Circle (4.3&nbsp;km) and an inner ring road called the Inner Circle, which surrounds the most carefully tended section of the park, Queen Mary's Gardens. Apart from two link roads between these two, the park is reserved for pedestrians. The south, east and most of the west side of the park are lined with elegant white [[stucco]] [[terraced house|terraces]] of houses designed by [[John Nash (architect)|John Nash]]. Running through the northern end of the park is [[Regent's Canal]] which connects the [[Grand Union Canal]] to the former [[Port of London|London docks]].

The {{convert|166|ha|acre|abbr=off}} park<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalparks.org.uk/parks/regents_park/ |title=The Regent's Park |publisher=The Royal Parks |date= |accessdate=2012-08-04}}</ref> is mainly open parkland which enjoys a wide range of facilities and amenities including gardens, a [[lake]] with a heronry, [[waterfowl]] and a boating area, sports pitches, and children's playgrounds. The northern side of the park is the home of [[London Zoo]] and the headquarters of the [[Zoological Society of London]]. There are several public gardens with flowers and specimen plants, including Queen Mary's Gardens in the Inner Circle, in which the [[Open Air Theatre]] is located; the formal Italian Gardens and adjacent informal English Gardens in the south-east corner of the park; and the gardens of [[St. John's Lodge (London)|St John's Lodge]]. [[Winfield House]], the official residence of the U.S. Ambassador to the United Kingdom, stands in private grounds in the western section of the park. Nearby is the domed [[London Central Mosque]], better known as Regent's Park mosque, a highly visible landmark.

Located to the south of the Inner Circle is [[Regent's College]], home of the [[European Business School London]], [[Regent's American College London]] (RACL) and [[Webster Graduate School]] among others.

Immediately to the north of Regent's Park is [[Primrose Hill]], a park with fine views of [[City of Westminster|Westminster]] and the [[City of London|City]]. Primrose Hill is a Royal Park{{dubious|date=October 2012}} and belongs to the Sovereign along with all the other Royal Parks of the Crown Estate.

The supposition that Primrose Hill is owned and maintained by the Corporation of London is an error that has been the subject of successful Crown litigation in both in the High Court and Court of Appeal.{{citation needed|date=June 2010}}

== Management ==
The public areas of Regent's Park are managed by [[The Royal Parks]], a government agency. The [[Crown Estate Paving Commission]] is responsible for managing certain aspects of the built environment of Regent's Park. The park lies within the boundaries of the [[City of Westminster]] and the [[London Borough of Camden]], but those authorities have only peripheral input to the management of the park. The [[Crown Estate]] owns the freehold of Regent's Park.

==History==
[[File:Regent's Park London from 1833 Schmollinger map.jpg|thumb|right|Regent's Park ''c.''1833]]
In the Middle Ages the land was part of the manor of [[Tyburn, London|Tyburn]], the property of [[Barking Abbey]]. In the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]], [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] appropriated the land, and it has been Crown property ever since, except for the period between 1649 and 1660. It was set aside as a hunting park, known as '''Marylebone Park''', until 1649. It was then let out in small holdings for hay and dairy produce.<ref name=encyc>Weinreb, B. and Hibbert, C. (ed) (1995) ''The London Encyclopedia'' Macmillan ISBN 0-333-57688-8</ref>

When the leases expired in 1811 the [[Prince Regent]] (later King [[George IV of the United Kingdom|George IV]]) commissioned [[architect]] [[John Nash (architect)|John Nash]] to create a masterplan for the area. Nash originally envisaged a palace for the Prince and a number of grand detached villas for his friends, but when this was put into action from 1818 onwards, the palace and most of the villas were dropped. However, most of the proposed terraces of houses around the fringes of the park were built. Nash did not complete all the detailed designs himself; in some instances, completion was left in the hands of other architects such as the young [[Decimus Burton]]. The Regent Park scheme was integrated with other schemes built for the Prince Regent by Nash, including [[Regent Street]] and [[Carlton House Terrace]] in a grand sweep of town planning stretching from [[St. James's Park]] to Parliament Hill. The park was first opened to the general public in 1835, initially for two days a week. The 1831 diary of William Copeland Astbury describes in detail his daily walks in and around the park, with references to the Zoo, the canal, and surrounding streets, as well as features of daily life in the area. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/pages/William-Copeland-Astbury/133515880158978?fref=ts |title=William Copeland Astbury |publisher=Facebook |date=2013-04-15 |accessdate=2013-04-30}}</ref>

On 15 January 1867, forty people died when the ice cover on the boating lake collapsed and over 200 people plunged into the lake.<ref>''The Catastrophe in the Regent's Park'', [[The Times]], January 22, 1867, p.12</ref> The lake was subsequently drained and its depth reduced to four feet before being reopened to the public.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QKYPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=regents+park+january+1867&source=web&ots=ClHPsmgSV9&sig=tIPz5iUa6eS2HpIkS5NeQi3l5kA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=10&ct=result#PPA161,M1 |title=London, past and present: its history, associations, and traditions - Henry Benjamin Wheatley, Peter Cunningham - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2012-08-04}}</ref>

Queen Mary's Gardens in the Inner Circle were created in the 1930s, bringing that part of the park into use by the general public for the first time. The site had originally been used as a plant nursery and had later been leased to the [[Royal Botanic Society]].

In 1982 an [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|IRA]] [[Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings|bomb was detonated at the bandstand]], killing seven soldiers.

The sports pitches, which had been relaid with inadequate drainage after the Second World War, were relaid between 2002 and 2004, and in 2005 a new sports pavilion was constructed.

On 7 July 2006 the Park held an event for people to remember the events of the [[7 July 2005 London bombings]]. Members of the public placed mosaic tiles on to seven purple petals. Later bereaved family members laid yellow tiles in the centre to finish the mosiac.

==Sport==
Many sports are played in the park including [[Tennis]], [[Netball]], [[Athletics (sport)|Athletics]], [[Cricket]], [[Softball]], [[Rounders]], [[Association football|Football]], [[Hockey]], [[Australian rules football|Australian Rules Football]], [[Rugby football|Rugby]], [[Ultimate Frisbee]] and [[Running]]. In addition, there are three playgrounds for children each with an attendant, and there is boating on the main lake.

These sports take place in an area called the Northern Parkland, and are centred around the Hub. This pavilion and underground changing rooms was designed by David Morley Architects and Price and Myers engineers and opened by [[Queen Elizabeth II]] in 2005. It won the [[IStructE Awards|IStructE Award]] for Community or Residential Structures in 2006.

The park is also very popular for cyclists who cycle around the outer circle. The local cycling club is the Regent's Park Rouleurs.

The park was scheduled to play a significant role in the [[2012 Summer Olympics]], hosting the baseball and softball, but those sports have been dropped from the Olympic program with effect from 2012. The Olympic [[cycling]] road race was supposed to go through Regent's Park, as was the cycling road race in the [[2012 Summer Paralympics]], but the routes were changed.<ref>[http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/news/olympics/395694/uci-wants-london-olympic-road-race-route-changed.html UCI wants London Olympic road race route changed], CyclingWeekly</ref><ref>[http://www.cyclingweekly.co.uk/news/olympics/470178/exclusive-2012-olympics-road-race-route.html Exclusive: 2012 Olympics road race route], CyclingWeekly</ref> The Park also plays host to [[London Camanachd]] who have regular [[shinty]] scrimmages there.

== The terraces ==
[[File:The east curve of Park Crescent, London - geograph.org.uk - 1524045.jpg|thumb|[[Park Crescent, London|Park Crescent]] is just above [[Regent's Park tube station|Regent's Park station]], home of [[International Students House, London]].]]
Clockwise from the north the terraces are:
*Gloucester Gate, a terrace of 11 houses designed by Nash and built by Richard Mott in 1827
*[[Cumberland Terrace]], designed by Nash and built by William Mountford Nurse in 1826
*[[Chester Terrace]], the longest facade in the park, designed by Nash and built by [[James Burton (1761–1837)|James Burton]] in 1825
*[[Cambridge Terrace]], designed by Nash and built by Richard Mott in 1825. Cambridge Gate was added in 1876-80.
*[[York Terrace]], designed by Nash, the eastern half built by James Burton and the western half built by William Mountford Nurse
*[[Cornwall Terrace]], consisting of 19 houses designed by [[Decimus Burton]]
*[[Clarence Terrace]], the smallest terrace, designed by Decimus Burton
*Sussex Place, originally 26 houses designed by Nash and built by William Smith in 1822-23, rebuilt in the 1960s behind the original facade to house the [[London Business School]]
*[[Hanover Terrace]], designed by Nash in 1822 and built by John Mckell Aitkens
*[[Kent Terrace]], behind Hanover Terrace and facing Park Road, designed by Nash and built by William Smith in 1827<ref name=encyc/>

Immediately south of the park are [[Park Square, London|Park Square]] and [[Park Crescent, London|Park Crescent]], also designed by Nash.

==The villas==
[[File:Winfield House London.png|thumb|Winfield House]]
Nine villas were built in the park. There follows a list of their names as shown on [http://www.motco.com/map/81003/ Christopher and John Greenwood's map of London (second edition, 1830)], with details of their subsequent fates:

'''Close to the western and northern edges of the park'''
*Marquess of Hertford's Villa: later known as St Dunstans; rebuilt as [[Winfield House]] in the 1930s and now the American Ambassador's residence.
*[[Grove House]]: still a private residence but previously owned by [[Robert Holmes à Court]], the Australian businessman. His estate sold the property after he died from a heart attack in the early 1990s. Grove House is said to have one of the largest gardens in central London after Buckingham Palace. The garden runs along the edge of Regent's Canal.
*[[Hanover Lodge]]: as of 2005 under restoration for renewed use as a private residence. Recently (2007) the subject of a Court Case (won by Westminster City Council against the architect, [[Quinlan Terry]], and contractor, Walter Lilly & Co) that ruled that two Grade II listed buildings had been illegally demolished while the property was leased to Conservative peer, [[Lord Bagri]]. It has been falsely reported that the neo-classical roadside lodges no longer stand, when actually the roadside elevations are intact and are being restored with the remaining structures by [[Quinlan Terry]]
*[[Albany Cottage]]: demolished. Site now occupied by [[London Central Mosque]].
*[[Holford House]] (not shown on Greenwood's map; but see [http://www.motco.com/map/81006/ Stanford's map of 1862]): built in 1832 north of Hertford House, and the largest of the villas at that time. From 1856 it was occupied by [[Regent's Park College]] (which subsequently moved to Oxford in 1927). In 1944 Holford House was destroyed to a great extent when a bomb was dropped on it during [[World War II]], and it was demolished in 1948.

'''Around the Inner Circle'''
*[[Image:St John's Lodge, Regent's Park.jpg|thumb|alt=Symmetrical four-storey Neoclassical villa with an imposing pedimented entrance and balustrades around a valley roof surmounted by a small cupola and flanked by two-storey wings, the whole covered with stucco rendering painted pale pink. In front is a freshly mown lawn surrounded by plants and shrubs. In the foreground is a raised round stone pool with a bronze of a nude man being pulled into the water by a mermaid.|[[St. John's Lodge (London)|St. John's Lodge]]]][[St. John's Lodge (London)|St. John's Lodge]]: is the private residence of [[Prince Jefri Bolkiah]] of [[Brunei]], but part of its garden is now a public garden designed by Colvin and Moggridge Landscape Architects in 1994. This is an arrangement with the Lodge's owners who have allowed the main portion of their garden to be enjoyed by the public.
*[[The Holme]]: once owned by Audrey Pleydell-Bouverie, the sister of the surrealist art collector [[Edward James]], and still a private residence. The garden is open several days a year via the [[National Gardens Scheme]].<ref>[http://www.ngs.org.uk/gen/gardenfinder/garden.aspx?gid=11040 NGS website]{{dead link|date=May 2013}}</ref>
*South Villa: site of [[George Bishop's Observatory]], closed when its owner died in 1861, with instruments and dome  moved to Meadowbank, [[Twickenham]] in 1863. [[Regent's College]] now stands on the site, one of the two largest groups of buildings in the park alongside [[London Zoo]].
*[[Regent's College]] has its campus in the inner circle. Previously this campus was home to [[Bedford College (London)|Bedford College]].

'''Close to the eastern edge of the park'''
*Sir H. Taylor's Villa: demolished; site now part of the open parkland.

*[[International Students House, London]]

*A residential history of St. John's Lodge, The Holme and Hanover Lodge is to be published by the owners in 2007 along with some aspects of the litigation history surrounding these properties, including the IRA bombing of the nearby bandstand on Holme Green.

*Between 1988 and 2004 six new villas were built by the [[Crown Estate]] at the north western edge of the park, between the Outer Circle and the Regent's Canal. They were designed by [[Quinlan Terry]] in a variety of traditional styles and named accordingly: the Corinthian, Gothick,<ref name=qtf_gothick>{{cite web|url=http://www.qftarchitects.com/projects/pages/londonhouses/gothickvilla.php|title=Gothick Villa, Regents Park by Quinlan & Francis Terry LLP}}</ref> Ionic, Regency, Tuscan and Veneto villas.<ref>[http://www.qftarchitects.com/1024index.html Quinlan Terry website]{{dead link|date=May 2013}}</ref>

==More attractions==
*Park Crescent's breathtaking facades by John Nash have been preserved, although the interiors were rebuilt as offices in the 1960s.
* The [[Camden Green Fair]] is held in Regent's Park as part of an ongoing effort to encourage citizens of London to go [[Eco-efficiency|Green]].

==Transport==

===Nearest Tube===
*[[Regent's Park tube station|Regent's Park]]
*[[Baker Street tube station|Baker Street]]
*[[Great Portland Street]]

===Nearest Railway===
*[[Camden Road railway station|Camden Road]]
*[[Marylebone station|Marylebone]]

==Cultural references==
In ''[[The Hundred and One Dalmatians]]'', a popular children's novel by [[Dodie Smith]], the protagonist dalmatian dogs live near Regent's Park (and are taken there for walks by their human family, the Dearlys). Regent's Park is also featured in the movies [[One Hundred and One Dalmatians]] based off Dodie Smith's book. Regent's Park is also the setting scene for the film ''[[Withnail and I]]''. [[Ian Fleming]]'s [[James Bond novels]] frequently mention the [[SIS Building|headquarters of MI6]] as a "tall, grey building near Regent's Park."<ref>[http://www.mi6.co.uk/news/index.php?itemid=6842&catid=3&t=mi6&s=news Daniel Craig snaps up £4million apartment near Regent's Park 12-10-08]</ref>

Rosamund Stacey, protagonist of Margaret Drabble's novel ''[[The Millstone (novel)|The Millstone]]'' (1965), lives in "a nice flat, on the fourth floor of a large block of an early twentieth-century building, and in very easy reach of Regent's Park".

In the novel and film of [[Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone]], Harry goes to the [[London Zoo]] for his cousin's birthday.

In the short story "The Adventure of the Italian Nobleman" by [[Agatha Christie]], [[Hercule Poirot]] and [[Arthur Hastings]] travel in a [[taxicab]] to Regent's Park to investigate a murder that has taken place in "Regent's Court," a fictional block of modern flats nearby.

In Ruth Rendell's novel ''[[The Keys to the Street]]'' much of the action (and murders) take place in and around Regent's Park.

The Regent's Park is the setting for several scenes in [[Virginia Woolf]]'s novel, [[Mrs. Dalloway]] (1925).

In Madness' 1999 single '[[Johnny The Horse]]', the eponymous character ends his days in the park after taking "''his battered bones and broken dreams to Regent's Park at sunset''".

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* Weinreb, B. and Hibbert, C. (ed) (1995) ''The London Encyclopedia'' Macmillan ISBN 0-333-57688-8
* Wheatley, Henry Benjamin and Cunningham, Peter "[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/221631762 London, Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions], Vol. III"

== External links ==
 {{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.royalparks.gov.uk/The-Regents-Park.aspx The Royal Parks official website]
* [http://www.regentsparklit.org.uk/ Regent's Park in Literature and Music], a bibliography
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=QKYPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=regents+park+january+1867&source=web&ots=ClHPsmgSV9&sig=tIPz5iUa6eS2HpIkS5NeQi3l5kA&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=10&ct=result#PPA161,M1 London, Past and Present: Its History, Associations, and Traditions]

[[Category:Regent's Park| ]]
[[Category:Royal Parks of London]]
[[Category:Parks and open spaces in Camden]]
[[Category:Parks and open spaces in Westminster]]
[[Category:2012 Summer Olympic venues]]

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